What is DevOps?

DevOps is a set of practices that combine software development (Dev) and IT operations (Ops) to improve collaboration, automate workflows, and accelerate software delivery.

What are the main goals of DevOps?

• Faster delivery of software
• Improved collaboration between teams
• Automation of repetitive tasks
• Continuous feedback and improvement

What are the key components of DevOps?

• CI/CD (Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment)
• Infrastructure as Code (IaC)
• Monitoring and Logging
• Collaboration and Communication

How does DevOps differ from traditional IT operations?

DevOps focuses on automation, collaboration, and continuous feedback, whereas traditional IT operations follow a siloed approach with manual deployments and slow release cycles.

What is Continuous Integration (CI)?

CI is a practice where developers frequently integrate code into a shared repository, followed by automated testing to detect errors early.

What is Continuous Deployment (CD)?

CD is the automated release of validated code changes into production, ensuring rapid and reliable delivery.

What is Infrastructure as Code (IaC)?

IaC is managing infrastructure using code, enabling automation, consistency, and easy scalability. Examples: Terraform, CloudFormation.

What is version control, and why is it important?

Version control tracks code changes, enabling collaboration and rollback. Example: Git.

What are some popular version control tools?

Git, GitHub, GitLab, Bitbucket, Subversion (SVN).

What is a DevOps pipeline?

A DevOps pipeline automates software delivery using stages like build, test, deploy, and monitor.

What is containerization?

Containerization packages applications with dependencies, making them portable and consistent across environments. Example: Docker.

What are microservices?

Microservices are small, independent services that communicate via APIs, improving scalability and maintainability.

What is a monolithic vs. microservices architecture?

Monolithic apps have a single codebase; microservices break the application into independent, loosely coupled services.

What are some common DevOps automation tools?

• CI/CD: Jenkins, GitHub Actions
• Configuration Management: Ansible, Puppet
• Infrastructure as Code: Terraform

What is Shift-Left Testing?

Shift-left testing integrates testing early in the development cycle to detect bugs earlier.

What is observability in DevOps?

Observability provides insights into system health using logs, metrics, and tracing.

What is a rollback strategy?

A rollback strategy reverts to a previous stable version if a new deployment fails.

What is the role of a DevOps Engineer?

A DevOps engineer bridges development and operations, focusing on automation, CI/CD, and cloud management.

What are feature flags in DevOps?

Feature flags allow toggling features on/off without deploying new code.

What is a blue-green deployment?

Blue-green deployment maintains two environments, switching traffic between them for zero-downtime updates.