What is Site Reliability Engineering (SRE)?

SRE applies software engineering principles to operations, improving reliability and scalability.

How does DevOps help in cloud computing?

DevOps automates infrastructure, deployments, and monitoring, making cloud environments scalable and efficient.

What is Immutable Infrastructure?

Immutable infrastructure replaces servers instead of modifying them, ensuring consistency and reducing drift.

How does DevSecOps integrate security into DevOps?

DevSecOps embeds security at every stage of the DevOps lifecycle, using automated security scans and compliance checks.

What are the benefits of CI/CD pipelines?

• Faster releases
• Automated testing
• Reduced manual errors
• Enhanced collaboration

What is canary deployment?

Canary deployment gradually rolls out changes to a small user group before full deployment.

What are some common monitoring tools?

Prometheus, Grafana, ELK Stack, Datadog, New Relic.

What is Configuration Management in DevOps?

Configuration management automates infrastructure setup and maintenance. Examples: Ansible, Puppet, Chef.

What is GitOps?

GitOps manages infrastructure using Git repositories, ensuring version control and automation.

How do you handle secrets management in DevOps?

Using tools like HashiCorp Vault, AWS Secrets Manager, and Kubernetes Secrets.

What is Chaos Engineering?

Chaos Engineering tests system resilience by introducing controlled failures.

What is a service mesh?

A service mesh manages microservices communication using proxies like Istio and Linkerd.

What is an API gateway?

An API gateway manages API traffic, security, and load balancing.

How do you optimize CI/CD pipelines?

By parallelizing builds, caching dependencies, and using automated testing.

What is hybrid cloud in DevOps?

A hybrid cloud combines private and public cloud environments.

What is observability vs. monitoring?

Monitoring collects data; observability provides deeper insights into system behavior.

What are Helm charts?

Helm charts package Kubernetes applications for easier deployment.

What is A/B testing in DevOps?

A/B testing compares different versions of an application to determine the best performance.

How do you handle database schema changes in CI/CD?

Using tools like Flyway or Liquibase for version-controlled migrations.

What is autoscaling in cloud environments?

Autoscaling automatically adjusts resource allocation based on demand.